Canada

Canada is a vast, developed, and officially bilingual (English and French) North American nation known for its abundant natural resources, a strong economy, and a diverse, multicultural society. It is a federal parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy, consistently ranking high in quality of life and human rights measurements. Geography: As the world's second-largest country by area, Canada spans from the Atlantic to the Pacific to the Arctic oceans. Its geography is diverse, featuring majestic mountains, vast forests, rolling plains, and the frozen north, with most of its population living near the southern border with the United States. Government & Society: Canada is a stable democracy with an emphasis on social justice, peace, order, and good government. It has a publicly funded healthcare system and is a highly multicultural nation, welcoming large-scale immigration. Economy: It boasts one of the world's largest advanced economies, driven by international trade (especially with the U.S.), natural resources like oil, gas, and minerals, as well as strong manufacturing and service sectors. Culture: The culture is a mosaic influenced by Indigenous peoples, British, and French traditions, as well as immigrant populations from around the world. Iconic cultural elements include ice hockey, maple syrup, and poutine. Canada is a federation composed of ten provinces and three territories. A key difference lies in their source of authority: provinces receive their powers from the Constitution Act, 1867, granting them inherent sovereignty in areas like education and healthcare, while territories have powers delegated to them by the federal Parliament. The ISO 3166-2:CA codes for these subdivisions consist of "CA-" followed by their two-letter postal abbreviation Provinces Alberta - CA-AB British Columbia - CA-BC Manitoba - CA-MB New Brunswick - CA-NB Newfoundland and Labrador - CA-NL Nova Scotia - CA-NS Ontario - CA-ON Prince Edward Island - CA-PE Quebec - CA-QC Saskatchewan - CA-SK Territories Northwest Territories - CA-NT Nunavut - CA-NU Yukon - CA-YT